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Detroit automakers and union leaders spar over 4,800 layoffs at non-striking factories_我的网站
一 | DETROIT -- Detroit's three automakers have laid off roughly 4,800 workers at factories that are not among the plants that have been hit by the United Auto Workers strikes, which have lasted for nearly four weeks.The companies say the strikes have nevertheless forced them to impose those layoffs. They note that the job cuts have occurred mainly at factories that make parts for assembly plants that were closed by strikes. In one case, layoffs have been imposed at a factory that uses supplies from a parts factory on strike.The UAW rejects that argument. It contends that the layoffs are unjustified and were imposed as part of the companies' pressure campaign to persuade UAW members to accept less favorable terms in negotiations with automakers. The factories that have been affected by layoffs are in six states: Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York. Sam Fiorani, an analyst with AutoForecast Solutions, a consulting firm, said he thinks the layoffs reflect a simple reality: The automakers are losing money because of the strikes. By slowing or idling factories that are running below their capacities because of strike-related parts shortages, Fiorani said, the companies can mitigate further losses.“It doesn’t make sense to keep running at 30% or 40% of capacity when it normally runs at 100%,” he said. “We’re not looking at huge numbers of workers relative to the ones actually being struck. But there is fallout.”In a statement, Bryce Currie, vice president of Americas manufacturing at Ford, said: “While we are doing what we can to avoid layoffs, we have no choice but to reduce production of parts that would be destined for a plant that is on strike."UAW President Shawn Fain countered in a statement that the automakers were using layoffs to pressure the union into settling the strike. With billions in profits, Fain argued, the companies don’t have to lay off a single employee.The UAW began striking against General Motors, Ford and Stellantis on Sept. 15, with one assembly plant from each company. The next week, the union expanded the strike to 38 GM and Stellantis parts warehouses. Assembly plants from Ford and GM were added the week after that. All told, about 25,000 workers have walked off their jobs at the three automakers. Striking workers are receiving $500 a week from the union’s strike pay fund. By contrast, anyone who is laid off would qualify for state unemployment aid, which, depending on a variety of circumstances, could be less or more than $500 a week. “Their plan won’t work,” Fain said. “The UAW will make sure any worker laid off in the Big Three’s latest attack will not go without an income.”GM said it has laid off 2,330 workers, including 1,600 at a temporarily closed assembly plant in Kansas City, Kansas, that makes the Chevrolet Malibu sedan and Cadillac XT4 small SUV. The plant uses metal parts produced at the GM plant in Wentzville, Missouri, which is on strike. Other GM facilities that have been affected by layoffs are in Lockport, New York; Toledo, Ohio; Marion, Indiana; Parma, Ohio; and Lansing, Michigan.Ford said it has laid off 1,865 workers. They include 600 auto-body and parts-stamping employees in Wayne, Michigan, who are not on strike but who have been affected by a nearby assembly plant that has been struck. Other Ford locations with layoffs include Chicago; Sterling Heights and Livonia, Michigan; and Cleveland and Lima, Ohio. Stellantis said late Monday that it had laid off about 640 workers, including 520 at an engine factory complex in Trenton, Michigan, that supplies a Jeep plant in Toledo, Ohio, that is on strike. Other locations with layoffs include a metal casting plant in Kokomo, Indiana, and a machining factory in Toledo. Fiorani said that if the strike widens, more workers will likely be laid off at non-striking plants. Once metal stamping factories that supply multiple assembly plants have produced enough parts for non-striking facilities, the companies would likely shut them down.“Once you've filled up the stocks for the other plants you supply," he said, “you have to lay off the workers and wait out the strike.”Separate companies that manufacture parts for the automakers are likely to have laid off workers but might not report them publicly, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of the Anderson Economic Group in Lansing, Michigan. A survey of parts supply companies by a trade association called MEMA Original Equipment Suppliers found that 30% of members have laid off workers and that more than 60% expect to start layoffs in mid-October.Fiorani said that while larger parts suppliers can likely withstand the strike, smaller companies that make parts for the bigger companies might not have enough cash or the ability to borrow to outlast the job actions. Some, he said, may have a couple dozen workers “and don't have billions in value to use as collateral in loans,” he said. Thus far, the union has decided to target a small number of plants from each company rather than have all 146,000 UAW members at the automakers go on strike at the same time.Last week, the union reported progress in the talks and decided not to add any more plants. This came after GM agreed to bring joint-venture electric vehicle battery factories into the national master contract, almost assuring that the plants will be unionized.Battery plants are a major point of contention in the negotiations. The UAW wants those plants to be unionized to assure jobs and top wages for workers who will be displaced by the industry's ongoing transition to electric vehicles.。 中新网北京8月25日电 (记者 郭超凯 谢雁冰)反跨境腐败法草案25日提请十四届全国人大常委会会议首次审议。 草案共六章四十七条，主要内容包括明确我国反跨境腐败工作的原则、范围和主张；明确反跨境腐败工作机制和职责；强化案件办理和国际合作；明确企业廉洁合规义务；明确法律责任。
二 | 制定反跨境腐败法，建立健全党中央集中统一领导下的国家反跨境腐败工作机制，搭建反跨境腐败制度的“四梁八柱”，推动监察调查、刑事司法、行政执法、廉洁合规、国际合作等工作有机衔接，一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐，形成集惩治、预防、反制于一体的专门性反腐败涉外法律，对于填补我国反跨境腐败专门立法空白，完善我国反腐败涉外法律体系，推进以法治思维和法治方式开展跨境腐败治理具有重要意义。 制定反跨境腐败法，宣示我国反跨境腐败的基本立场、理念、原则，明确反腐败领域对外反制、阻断等相应措施，有利于维护我国国家主权、安全和发展利益，凝聚国际反腐败共识，为全球反腐败治理贡献中国智慧和中国方案。 随着越来越多的企业走出去，海外资产规模快速扩大，营造廉洁营商环境对我国持续扩大贸易规模、支持我国企业参与国际竞争、推动“一带一路”建设行稳致远具有重大现实意义。制定反跨境腐败法，明确跨境经营企业的廉洁合规义务，持续健全廉洁合规体系，强化有关主管部门的监管责任，有利于引导走出去企业依法、合规、廉洁经营，把“廉洁”打造为核心竞争力，构建亲清统一的新型政商关系，营造公平公正的国际营商环境。 制定反跨境腐败法，还有利于丰富反跨境腐败法律措施手段，解决跨境腐败发现难、取证难、追赃难、定罪难等突出问题，为查办跨境腐败案件提供有力法律保障。 据悉，起草反跨境腐败法，主要遵循以下原则：一是坚持政治引领。坚决贯彻落实党中央决策部署，使党的主张通过法定程序转化为国家意志，自觉在党中央集中统一领导下开展立法工作。二是突出中国特色。
三 | 把跨境腐败治理、追逃追赃、参与反腐败国际规则制定方面的好经验好做法及时上升为法律，制定一部既体现中国特色，又能获得国际社会广泛认可的反跨境腐败专门法律。三是坚持问题导向。
四 | 对反跨境腐败工作中亟待解决的突出问题作出有针对性的规定，增强立法的实用性和有效性。四是坚持系统观念。与现行法律和制度规定相衔接，一体推进惩治、预防和反制。(完) 【编辑:李岩】。
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